Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and the second most common cancer overall in the U.S. In 2025, the National Cancer Institute estimates 313,780 new cases and 35,770 deaths. The prostate is a walnut-sized gland below the bladder and in front of the rectum that surrounds the urethra.

Early detection matters. Screening with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test and/or digital rectal exam can often find prostate cancer before it spreads, contributing to a five-year relative survival rate near 98%. About 1 in 8 men will be diagnosed in their lifetime. Black men have the highest risk of diagnosis and death and may face barriers that delay care.

Risk factors that may increase risk

• Age: Risk rises with age; prostate cancer is uncommon before 50.

• Family history: A father, brother, or son with prostate cancer increases risk.

• Race: Occurs more often in Black men and is more likely to be fatal.

• Hormones: The androgen pathway (testosterone and DHT) influences prostate growth and may contribute to cancer development.

• Folate/folic acid: High-dose folic acid supplements (1 mg/day) were linked to higher risk in one 10-year study, while adequate dietary folate was associated with lower risk.

Community spotlight: Strong Men, Strong Futures

To raise awareness and support action, the Cancer Center’s Office of Community Outreach & Engagement recently hosted Strong Men, Strong Futures, featuring a screening of The Black Walnut, an award-winning docudrama about prostate cancer’s impact on Black men and the barriers many face when seeking care. Attendees:

• Watched the film and met writer-producer Terrance Afer-Anderson.

• Took part in a panel discussion with local physicians and survivors on prevention, treatment, and practical steps to navigate care.

• Received educational resources and free PSA blood tests.

If you have questions about screening or symptoms—such as a new urinary change, bone pain, or unexplained weight loss—talk with your health care provider.